Technology
Control Architecture
A distributed modular architecture that brings fault isolation, real-time control, and field scalability to BMS and OCC systems.
System Overview
Architecture Components
Four tiers work together to deliver deterministic control from the cell level to the cloud.
Master Controller
The master controller handles top-level system coordination — SoC/SoH aggregation for BMS, and positioning map management for OCC. It exposes a unified communication interface to external systems and the cloud layer.
Slave Modules
Each slave module manages a local group of battery cells or OCC anchor nodes independently. Cell-level measurements, balancing, and fault detection execute at the slave level, reducing master processing load and enabling fast local response.
Communication Bus
A multi-protocol communication bus (CAN and RS485) links master and slave modules. Deterministic timing ensures real-time data exchange with latencies under 10 ms, even across large multi-rack configurations.
Cloud Integration
An optional cloud layer aggregates data from one or more master controllers for remote monitoring, over-the-air firmware updates, and long-term analytics. Data is transmitted securely over TLS-encrypted channels.
Field Nodes
Services
Design Benefits
Why Distributed Control
Fault Isolation
A fault in one slave module does not propagate to the rest of the system. The master immediately isolates the affected segment while the remaining modules continue operating normally.
Modular Scalability
Systems scale from a few cells to hundreds by adding slave modules without redesigning the master controller or communication topology.
Hot-Swap Replacement
Individual slave modules can be replaced in the field without powering down the entire system, significantly reducing maintenance downtime.
Real-Time Control
Distributed processing keeps control loops local to each slave module, enabling sub-millisecond response times for protection events independent of master controller load.
Technical Specifications
Key Parameters
- Architecture
- Distributed master/slave
- Communication
- CAN · RS485
- Bus Latency
- < 10 ms end-to-end
- Max Slave Nodes
- Up to 32 per master (expandable)
- Cloud Protocol
- MQTT over TLS 1.3
- OTA Updates
- Supported (master + slave)
Master / Slave Wiring Diagram
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